"The assault, which the Sikhs themselves call the Ghallughara,66 was diabolically conceived not only to scathe the Sikh psyche but also to make the “sufficient moral effect from a military point of view not only on those who were present, but more especially throughout the Punjab.”67 That is how Brigadier Dyer had explained his intention when he came to Jallianwala Bagh, near the Golden Temple, to disperse an illegal assembly 65 years ago on 13 April 1919. Dyer had acted impulsively, on his own. Operation Blue Star was not only envisioned and rehearsed in advance, meticulously and in total secrecy, it also aimed at obtaining the maximum number of Sikh victims, largely devout pilgrims unconnected with the political agitation. The facts should speak for themselves." - Ram Narayan Kumar, Reduced to Ashes
How were the Sikhs found? What processes were enacted to pinpoint the targets? Identification was made through a variety of methods.
There was large discussion about the root of the attacks. It was concluded that they were likely organized by Congressmen or their supported organizations and associations.
Premeditation was at the core of the 1984 Genocide. The attacks that plagued the Sikh community across Delhi were much more than spontaneous expressions of “madness” or “grief and anger” at the assassination of Indira Gandhi.
The Sikh Genocide was much more than causation. It had been festering for a while.
38 years ago today, a mob of men pounced on the cavalcade of the president of India, Giani Zail Singh. Luckily however, the president’s limousine drove past them before the assailants could reach the convoy.
On this day, 38 years ago, India’s Prime Minister, Indira Gandhi, is shot dead by two of her bodyguards at Safdarjung road residence. She was rushed to the AIIMS and an announcement was made specifying that both of the bodyguards were Sikhs.
The webinar will cover Guru Nanak Sahib’s Response, 18th Century vs 20th Century, State vs Sikh Narrative, 1984 Revelations, and the response today.
How do we remember? How do we advocate? How do we survive? Watch this webinar with three leading voices in the November 1984 Anti-Sikh pogroms study.
Was November 1984 a Genocide? In 1948, India, along with the General Assembly of the United Nations and The Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, defined Genocide.
In “My Bleeding Punjab,” Khushwant Singh speaks of the realization and empathy that arose from the 1984 Genocide. “I realized what Jews must have felt like in Nazi Germany. The killing assumed the proportion of a genocide of the Sikh community.”
On this day, 38 years ago, India’s Prime Minister, Indira Gandhi, is shot dead by two of her bodyguards at Safdarjung road residence. She was rushed to the AIIMS and an announcement was made specifying that both of the bodyguards were Sikhs.
38 years ago today, a mob of men pounced on the cavalcade of the president of India, Giani Zail Singh. Luckily however, the president’s limousine drove past them before the assailants could reach the convoy.
Sant Jarnail Singh Khalsa Bhindranwale is a pivotal figure in the events of 1984. There is much consternation and confusion over his actions and choices in the lead-up to the June 1984 Ghallughara.
In recent years, diasporic Sikhs have been moving to consciously avoid using the terms Operation Blue Star or Holocaust and instead use terms like the Battle of Amritsar, genocide, or Ghallughara when speaking about June and November 1984.
What did Indira Gandhi hope to achieve in the June 1984 attack on the Harimandar Sahib Complex and Gurduaras around Panjab? What was the goal of the Indian National Congress (I) party’s brutal and genocidal pogroms against Sikhs across the country in...
Genocide doesn’t happen in isolation. It is a combination of deep-seated hatred and racism. There are many who will deny the 1984 Genocide. But I remember…
I once met an elderly man who had taken pictures before and after 1984. I asked him: “What was it like photographing 84’?” His response: “I feel like I have been photographing 1984 my entire life.”
The June 1984 army action on the Golden Temple complex – Sri Harimandar Sahib and Akal Takht Sahib – was a tipping point in the Sikh and Indian history 33 years ago.
Dr. Pritpal Singh shares his reflections on the events of 1984 in India against Sikhs, where many innocent lives were lost.
The June 1984 army action on the Golden Temple complex – Sri Harimandar Sahib and Akal Takht Sahib – was a tipping point in the Sikh and Indian history 33 years ago.
I once met an elderly man who had taken pictures before and after 1984. I asked him: “What was it like photographing 84’?” His response: “I feel like I have been photographing 1984 my entire life.”
Genocide doesn’t happen in isolation. It is a combination of deep-seated hatred and racism. There are many who will deny the 1984 Genocide. But I remember…
What did Indira Gandhi hope to achieve in the June 1984 attack on the Harimandar Sahib Complex and Gurduaras around Panjab? What was the goal of the Indian National Congress (I) party’s brutal and genocidal pogroms against Sikhs across the country in...
In recent years, diasporic Sikhs have been moving to consciously avoid using the terms Operation Blue Star or Holocaust and instead use terms like the Battle of Amritsar, genocide, or Ghallughara when speaking about June and November 1984.
Since 1984, in the aftermath of “Operation Blue Star” and the Sikh Genocide, many narratives have surfaced—graphic, heartbreaking, and deeply emotional. Yet, one crucial perspective often remains overlooked: the voices of the first responders.
Join host Santbir Singh as he delves into the profound impact of 1984 through the personal reflections of guest Pritpal Singh.
Manvinder Kaur and Santbir Singh explore the events of 1984 that forever transformed the landscape of Sikh history and politics in India.
Santbir Singh delves into the complex and sometimes controversial legacy of Sant Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale during the events of June 1984.
Join us for a heartfelt conversation between Inni Kaur, SikhRI’s Creative Director, and Darsnoor Kaur, SikhRI’s graphic designer, as they explore the profound impact of June 1984, known as the Ghallughara or “Operation Blue Star.”
Join Harinder Singh and Mo Dhaliwal as they delve into the profound experiences of the Third Ghallughara (large-scale massacre) in India in 1984 and beyond.
Santbir Singh delves into the complex and sometimes controversial legacy of Sant Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale during the events of June 1984.
Manvinder Kaur and Santbir Singh explore the events of 1984 that forever transformed the landscape of Sikh history and politics in India.
Join host Santbir Singh as he delves into the profound impact of 1984 through the personal reflections of guest Pritpal Singh.
Since 1984, in the aftermath of “Operation Blue Star” and the Sikh Genocide, many narratives have surfaced—graphic, heartbreaking, and deeply emotional. Yet, one crucial perspective often remains overlooked: the voices of the first responders.